In 1805, it was awarded the honorary status of a minor basilica. The cathedral is one of the most widely recognized symbols of the city of Paris and the French nation. Another cleaning and restoration project was carried out between 19. Beginning in 1963, the cathedral's façade was cleaned of centuries of soot and grime. On August 26, 1944, the Liberation of Paris from German occupation was celebrated in Notre-Dame with the singing of the Magnificat. The 1831 publication of Victor Hugo's novel Notre-Dame de Paris (known in English as The Hunchback of Notre-Dame) inspired popular interest in the cathedral, which led to a major restoration project between 18, supervised by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc. In the 19th century, the coronation of Napoleon I and the funerals of many of the French Republic's presidents took place at the cathedral. In the 1790s, during the French Revolution, Notre-Dame suffered extensive desecration much of its religious imagery was damaged or destroyed. Ĭonstruction of the cathedral began in 1163 under Bishop Maurice de Sully and was largely completed by 1260, though it was modified frequently in the centuries that followed. Notre Dame also stands out for its musical components, notably its three pipe organs (one of which is historic) and its immense church bells. Several of its attributes set it apart from the earlier Romanesque style, particularly its pioneering use of the rib vault and flying buttress, its enormous and colourful rose windows, and the naturalism and abundance of its sculptural decoration. The cathedral, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, is considered one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture. Notre-Dame de Paris ( French: ( listen) meaning " Our Lady of Paris"), referred to simply as Notre-Dame, is a medieval Catholic cathedral on the Île de la Cité (an island in the Seine River), in the 4th arrondissement of Paris.
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